SKU: NTC-001
NTC Thermistor
Negative Temperature Coefficient · Ceramic Semiconductor
Bulk / B2B / OEM orders → info@zentriad.com
An NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient) thermistor is a ceramic semiconductor resistor whose resistance decreases significantly and predictably as temperature rises. Used for precise temperature sensing from -55°C to +300°C and inrush current limiting, these devices provide high sensitivity and stability in applications like automotive systems, HVAC, power supplies, and industrial control.
Key Characteristics
Primary Applications
Working Principle
The electrical conductivity of NTC thermistors increases with temperature, which is explained by an increase in free electron-hole pairs within the ceramic structure. The relationship between resistance (R) and temperature (T) is frequently approximated using a parameter known as the Beta value (β).
1/T = A + B·ln(R) + C·(ln(R))³
Beta Parameter Equation (simplified):
R(T) = R₀ · e^(β(1/T - 1/T₀))
Where:
• R(T) = Resistance at temperature T (in Kelvin)
• R₀ = Resistance at reference temperature T₀ (typically 25°C = 298.15K)
• β = Beta value (material constant, typically 3000-5000K)
• A, B, C = Steinhart-Hart coefficients
Temperature Response Characteristics
How to Use with Arduino / Microcontrollers
1. Connect NTC thermistor between VCC (5V or 3.3V) and analog input pin (e.g., A0)
2. Connect fixed resistor (same value as R₀ of thermistor) between analog pin and GND
3. Read voltage at the midpoint using analogRead()
4. Calculate resistance: R_thermistor = R_fixed × (ADC_max / ADC_reading - 1)
5. Apply Steinhart-Hart or Beta equation to convert resistance → temperature
| Component Type | NTC Thermistor (Negative Temperature Coefficient) |
| Sensing Element | Ceramic Semiconductor |
| Material Composition | Sintered Metal Oxides (Mn, Ni, Co, Cu) |
| Temperature Coefficient | Negative (Resistance decreases with temperature increase) |
| Operating Temperature Range | -55°C to +300°C (depends on package type) |
| Typical Resistance Values | 1kΩ, 2.2kΩ, 5kΩ, 10kΩ, 47kΩ, 100kΩ at 25°C |
| Resistance Tolerance | ±1%, ±3%, ±5%, ±10% (depends on grade) |
| Beta Value (β) | 2500K to 5000K (typical: 3380K, 3435K, 3950K) |
| Beta Tolerance | ±1%, ±2%, ±3% |
| Thermal Time Constant | 0.5 to 20 seconds (depends on package size) |
| Response Time | Fast (sub-second for small bead types) |
| Maximum Power Rating | 0.1W to 5W (depends on package) |
| Dissipation Constant | 1 to 10 mW/°C |
| Package Types | Bead, Disc, Chip (SMD), Glass-encapsulated, Epoxy-coated |
| Lead Configuration | Radial, Axial, SMD Pads |
| Applications | Temperature Sensing, Compensation, Inrush Current Limiting |
| Industries | Automotive, HVAC, Medical, Consumer Electronics, Industrial |
| Compliance | RoHS Compliant (Lead-Free), CE |
| Country of Origin | India / China (varies by supplier) |
| Manufacturer | Generic / Various Brands |
| SKU | NTC-001 |
Industry Applications
Temperature Measurement vs. Current Limiting
Low power NTC with high resistance (10kΩ - 100kΩ) used in voltage divider circuits for precise temperature measurement.
High power NTC with low resistance (1Ω - 47Ω) placed in series with power input to limit surge current during startup.
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Buy NTC Thermistor Online in India — Complete Guide
An NTC thermistor (Negative Temperature Coefficient thermistor) is a ceramic semiconductor temperature sensor whose resistance decreases predictably as temperature increases. This unique characteristic makes NTC thermistors ideal for precise temperature measurement, thermal compensation, and inrush current limiting across automotive, HVAC, medical, and industrial applications.
What is an NTC Thermistor?
The term "NTC" stands for Negative Temperature Coefficient, meaning the electrical resistance of the device decreases as its temperature rises. Unlike conventional resistors that maintain stable resistance, NTC thermistors are designed from sintered metal oxide ceramics (typically manganese, nickel, cobalt, and copper oxides) that exhibit this inverse resistance-temperature relationship.
How Does an NTC Thermistor Work?
The working principle of NTC thermistors is based on semiconductor physics. As temperature increases, more charge carriers (electron-hole pairs) are thermally generated in the ceramic material, increasing electrical conductivity and decreasing resistance. This exponential relationship is characterized by the Beta value (β) — a material constant typically between 2500K and 5000K.
The resistance-temperature relationship follows the Steinhart-Hart equation:
- 1/T = A + B·ln(R) + C·(ln(R))³
- Or simplified as: R(T) = R₀ · e^(β(1/T - 1/T₀))
NTC Thermistor vs PTC Thermistor — Key Differences
While NTC thermistors have decreasing resistance with temperature (used for temperature sensing), PTC thermistors (Positive Temperature Coefficient) have increasing resistance with temperature (used for overcurrent protection). For temperature measurement applications, NTC is the industry standard due to higher sensitivity and wider availability.
NTC Thermistor Applications
NTC thermistors are used extensively across multiple industries:
- Automotive: Engine coolant temperature, cabin climate control, EV battery thermal management
- HVAC Systems: Air conditioning, refrigeration, smart thermostats, heat pumps
- Power Supplies: Inrush current limiting (ICL) to prevent surge damage during startup
- Medical Devices: Clinical thermometers, incubators, patient monitoring systems
- Consumer Electronics: Coffee makers, toasters, washing machines, hair dryers
- Industrial Control: Process monitoring, motor protection, 3D printers, extrusion machines
- IoT & Makers: Arduino temperature sensors, Raspberry Pi projects, ESP32 weather stations
Types of NTC Thermistors Available
- Bead Type: Glass-encapsulated, fast response, suitable for high temperatures (-55°C to +300°C)
- Disc/Chip Type: Epoxy-coated, rugged, cost-effective (-55°C to +150°C)
- SMD Type: Surface-mount for PCB assembly, compact footprint
- Probe Type: Stainless steel housing for liquid/gas immersion
How to Use NTC Thermistor with Arduino
Connecting an NTC thermistor to Arduino is straightforward:
- Create a voltage divider: Connect NTC between VCC and analog pin (A0), fixed resistor (same as R₀) between A0 and GND
- Read voltage using
analogRead(A0) - Calculate resistance:
R_NTC = R_fixed × (1023/ADC_value - 1) - Convert to temperature using Steinhart-Hart equation or lookup table
- Libraries like "Thermistor" make this plug-and-play
Common NTC Thermistor Resistance Values
Standard resistance values at 25°C include:
- For Temperature Sensing: 1kΩ, 2.2kΩ, 5kΩ, 10kΩ (most popular), 47kΩ, 100kΩ
- For Inrush Current Limiting: 1Ω, 2.5Ω, 5Ω, 10Ω, 22Ω, 47Ω
Why Buy NTC Thermistors from Zentriad?
- ✓ Wide selection: Bead, disc, SMD, and probe types
- ✓ Multiple resistance values: 1kΩ to 100kΩ for temperature sensing
- ✓ High accuracy: ±1% to ±5% tolerance options
- ✓ RoHS compliant: Lead-free, environmentally friendly
- ✓ Fast delivery: Free shipping above ₹999 across India
- ✓ Bulk pricing: Volume discounts for OEM and institutional orders
- ✓ Technical support: Application guidance and datasheet assistance
Where to Buy NTC Thermistor in India
Zentriad supplies high-quality NTC thermistors online across India with strategic offices in Kerala (Thrissur, Kozhikode), Gujarat (Gandhinagar), and the Gulf region (UAE, KSA). We serve hobbyists, educational institutions, electronics manufacturers, automotive suppliers, and R&D labs with competitive pricing and reliable delivery.
Order NTC Thermistors Today
For bulk orders, custom specifications, or technical consultation, contact us at info@zentriad.com or call +91 80868 61017. Our team provides application support, datasheet assistance, and volume pricing for OEM and project-based requirements.